How does Equity Theory apply to romantic relationships, and what behaviors might restore equity after perceived unfairness?

• A. Perceived fairness of inputs/outputs; restoration through adjusted contributions, renegotiated rewards, or fair division of responsibilities
• B. Equity Theory ignores fairness; restoration by leaving the relationship
• C. Equity Theory is identical to Social Exchange Theory; restoration by seeking more rewards
• D. Equity Theory focuses on age gaps; restoration by updating status

Answer: (A)

Equity theory in romantic relationships centers on a fair balance between what each partner puts in (inputs like time, effort, care) and what they get out (outputs like love, support, affection, rewards). People judge fairness by comparing their own ratio of inputs to outputs with their partner’s and with a shared sense of what’s appropriate. When this balance feels off, distress arises, and individuals try to restore equity.

The best answer captures that perceived fairness of inputs and outputs is key, and restoration happens by adjusting contributions, renegotiating rewards, or ensuring a fair division of responsibilities so the ratio becomes balanced again. In practice, someone might contribute more time or effort, renegotiate the level of affection or attention they receive, or reallocate shared tasks to make the relationship feel fair to both partners.

Other options miss the core idea: equity theory isn’t about ignoring fairness, nor is it simply about seeking more rewards or focusing on age gaps; it’s about the proportional balance of what each person gives and gets and how that balance can be restored.